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#animal nutrition

5 public questions tagged with this topic.

Animal Classification

Lampreys feed mainly by

Lampreys exhibit parasitic feeding in adult phase. Using sucker-like buccal funnel armed with keratinized horny teeth and rasping tongue-like piston, they attach to teleost fishes, abrading skin, secreting anticoagulant lamphredin from buccal glands to prevent clotting, then ingesting blood, lymph and macerated tissue. Unlike active predation capturing whole prey or filter feeding of larval ammocoetes feeding on detritus, adult trophic mode depends on host, sometimes leading to host mortality but typically non-lethal. Suctorial parasitism compensates for jawlessness and correlates with anadromous migration, semelparous reproduction and keratinized feeding specialization.

Ref: Hickman et al., Integrated Principles of Zoology, Chapter 24: Lamprey Feeding; Campbell Biology, 12th

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Animal Classification

Mode of nutrition in animals is mainly

Nutritional mode in Animalia predominantly holozoic involving active capture, ingestion of solid or particulate organic matter, extracellular digestion within specialized lumina where hydrolytic enzymes secreted, absorption across microvilli enhanced by increased surface area, and egestion of indigestible residue via anus or osculum. This contrasts holophytic photosynthesis in plants using chlorophyll, saprophytic absorptive nutrition in fungi releasing exoenzymes, and holosaprobic bacteria. Evolution from phagocytic choanoflagellate collar feeding expanded into muscular pharynx, gut regionalization, accessory glands and peristalsis coordinating food processing throughout metazoa.

Ref: Campbell Biology 12th ed. Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition; NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 Heterotrophic Nutrition

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Biological Classification

The general mode of nutrition in Kingdom Animalia, characterized by the ingestion of food, is biologically termed:

According to the NCERT textbook, animals are strict heterotrophs that must consume organic matter. Their specific mode of nutrition involves directly taking in solid or liquid food particles into an internal digestive cavity where enzymes break it down. This specific process of ingestion-based nutrition is biologically termed 'holozoic' nutrition, distinct from the absorptive nutrition seen in fungi.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology > Chapter 2: Biological Classification > 2.5 Kingdom Animalia

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