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#animal characteristics

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Animals are best described as

Animals are best defined as multicellular eukaryotic heterotrophs whose cells lack rigid cell walls, exhibiting internal digestion within gastrovascular cavity or gut lumen, active motility and complex development from zygote through holoblastic cleavage forming morula, blastula and gastrula with germ layers. Diploid dominance, collagenous extracellular matrix, excitable neurons and muscle effectors characterize clade. Contrasts with unicellular autotrophs like Euglena, colonial photosynthetic Volvox and prokaryotic organisms lacking true nucleus, membrane organelles and linear chromosome orga

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4 Animal Kingdom General Characters; Campbell Biology 12th ed. Chapter 32 Definition of Animals

All animals share which of the following derived traits?

All animals share derived trait of extracellular matrix containing collagen particularly fibrillar and type IV network forming basal lamina underlying epithelia, providing tensile strength and polarity signals through integrin, laminin and proteoglycan interactions. No other kingdom synthesizes true collagen triple helix with hydroxyproline repeats in organized sheets. Additional shared characters include cadherin-mediated cell adhesion, tight and adherens junctions, Wnt β-catenin signaling, regulated caspase apoptosis and Hox patterning. Cell wall and photosynthesis belong Plantae, siliceous

Ref: Alberts Molecular Biology of Cell ECM; Campbell Biology 12th ed. Chapter 32 Animal Synapomorphies