Analytical microarrays are used to detect:
Analytical protein microarrays, also known as capture arrays, are designed to profile protein abundance, interactions, and activity across proteome using immobilized antibodies or bait proteins. Sample proteins labeled or unlabeled are incubated, and binding patterns reveal protein-protein, protein-DNA, protein-drug, or enzyme-substrate interactions quantitatively. Unlike pure detection of single protein class, analytical format maps interactomes, cross-reactivity, and binding affinities in multiplexed manner. Techniques focusing only on RNA or DNA replication employ nucleic acid microarrays o
Ref: NCERT Biology Class XII Principles on Klenow fill-in labeling, Lehninger Chapter 9 DNA cloning techniques, and Molecular Cloning by Sambrook Chapter 10 documenting end-labeling of cohesive termini.