5 public questions tagged with this topic.
In an adiabatic process, no heat is exchanged between the system and surroundings, so q = 0.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Thermodynamics > Topic: Thermodynamic Terms - System Surroundings and Types of Systems
For an adiabatic ideal-gas process, T₂ = T₁ (V₁/V₂)γ⁻¹ = 300 × 4⁰.⁶⁷ ≈ 300 × 2.5315 = 759.45 K .
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Thermodynamics > Topic: First Law of Thermodynamics and Enthalpy and Internal Energy
For adiabatic compression, T₂ = T₁ (V₁/V₂)γ⁻¹ = 300 × (20/4)⁰.⁶⁷ ≈ 300 × 2.63 = 789.0 K . Then, Cv = R/(γ-1) = 8.314 / 0.67 ≈ 12.41 J/mol·K . Work done: w = nCvΔ T = 1 × 12.41 × (789.0 - 300) ≈ 6068.3 J .
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Thermodynamics > Topic: First Law of Thermodynamics and Enthalpy and Internal Energy
In a reversible adiabatic process, P¹⁻γ T^γ = constant, derived from PV^γ = constant and the ideal gas law.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Thermodynamics > Topic: Enthalpy Changes - Reaction Formation Combustion and Hess's Law
Adiabatic correctly identifies the characteristic feature or property described in this question. In Thermodynamics, specific characteristics define and distinguish biological molecules, organisms, or processes from one another. The feature described by Adiabatic is a defining property that arises from its unique molecular structure, evolutionary history, or physiological role. The other options (Isothermal, Isobaric, and Isochoric) describe characteristics of different entities, represent incorrect properties, or apply to the subject under different conditions.
Ref: Lehninger Principles of Biochemistry, Nelson & Cox, 8th Ed., Ch. 1
