Practice question

**Rectifier** converts AC to DC using diode unilateral conduction, half-wave conducts only during positive half-cycle when forward biased, output pulsating DC with frequency equal to input 50 Hz, full-wave with centre-tap uses two diodes conducting alternate half-cycles, output frequency 100 Hz for 50 Hz input, 120 Hz for 60 Hz input, output voltage closer to peak with capacitor filter. The time constant ( tau = R_L C ) in a capacitor filter determines the discharge rate, depending inversely on the product of capacitance ( C ) and load resistance ( R_L ). Substituting values gives Capacitance and load resistance, which matches expected behaviour for this