Practice question
Question
The maximum frequency of X-rays from a \( 35 \, \text{kV} \) tube is: (Take \( h = 6.63 \times 10^{-34}
\, \text{J s} \), \( e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19} \, \text{C} \))
Explanation
**Photon power** light source emits 1.0×10¹⁶ photons/s power 4.0 mW, energy per photon E= P/N =4×10⁻³/10¹⁶=4×10⁻¹⁹ J, wavelength λ= h c/E=6.63×10⁻³⁴×3×10⁸/4×10⁻¹⁹=497 nm, for 6×10¹⁵ photons/s 3.0 mW E=5×10⁻¹⁹ J, for beam 2.5×10¹⁵ photons/s 4×10⁻¹⁹ J each power=10⁻³ W=1 mW, illustrating P = N h f. E = e V = 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ × 35 × 10³ = 5.6 × 10⁻¹⁵ J . vₘₐₓ = (E/h) = (5.6 × 10⁻¹⁵/6.63 × 10⁻³⁴) ≈ 8.446 × 10¹⁸ Hz . Applying E = h f = h c/λ, p = h/λ, K_max = h f - Φ, Φ = h f₀ = h c/λ₀, λ = h/√(2
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