Practice question

Dominant generation in angiosperms is diploid sporophyte phase comprising conspicuous plant body with true roots, stems, leaves, vascular tissues, and flowers. Massive sporophyte produces via meiosis haploid spores that develop into highly reduced gametophytes: male pollen grain of two-three cells and female embryo sac of seven cells entirely dependent on sporophyte for nutrition, protection, and desiccation resistance. After double fertilization diploid embryo and triploid endosperm develop within seed borne on sporophyte. Sporophyte dominance reflects evolutionary adaptation providing protection, efficient water transport, and advanced reproductive structures compared to gametophyte-dominant bryophytes and ferns.