10 public questions tagged with this topic.
Nephridia in earthworms help in the removal of nitrogenous waste and play a role in osmoregulation.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 16: Excretory Products and their Elimination Urine Formation - Glomerular Filtration
Malpighian tubules function as the excretory system in insects, helping in nitrogenous waste elimination.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 16: Excretory Products and their Elimination Human Excretory System - Kidney and Ureters
The kidney performs both excretion (removal of nitrogenous wastes) and osmoregulation (regulation of water and electrolyte balance).
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 16: Excretory Products and their Elimination Human Excretory System - Kidney and Ureters
The contractile vacuole of Amoeba is important for osmoregulation and excretion. Food vacuoles, in contrast, are formed by engulfing food particles.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life Endomembrane System - ER Golgi Lysosome Vacuole
The excretory system, including kidneys and urinary bladder, regulates water balance in frogs.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 7: Structural Organisation in Animals Frog - Anatomy - Circulatory and Excretory System
Green glands (also called antennal glands) in crustaceans help regulate salt and water balance.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom Phylum Arthropoda
Freshwater fishes excrete large amounts of dilute urine to prevent excess water accumulation and maintain osmotic balance.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom Phylum Arthropoda
Flame cells in platyhelminthes help in excretion and osmoregulation.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 4: Animal Kingdom Phylum Ctenophora and Platyhelminthes
Contractile vacuoles operate as osmoregulatory organelles in freshwater protists facing continuous influx of water due to hypotonic environment. Complex consists of central vacuole collecting fluid via radial spongiome tubules bearing vacuolar proton ATPases creating hydrostatic gradient, aquaporins facilitating water entry, and exocytic pore expelling contents periodically through systole-diastole cycle. Active ion transport expels potassium and reduces cytoplasmic osmolarity. Marine protists in isotonic seawater and parasitic protozoa in body fluids generally lack contractile vacuoles, emphasizing adaptation to hypoosmotic habitats requiring energy-dependent water extrusion preventing cell lysis.
Ref: Raven Plant Biology contractile vacuole osmoregulation; OpenStax Biology 2e Chapter 23 Freshwater protists osmoregulation contractile vacuole systole
Hog1, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.
Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)
