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#hollow conductor

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

In a system where a charged conductor is placed inside a larger uncharged hollow conductor, why does the inner conductor

**System of charges** potential energy is sum over pairs U = Σ k q_i q_j/r_ij, work required to assemble charges from infinity. For 28 μC and -14 μC, 0.28 m apart, U=9×10⁹×28×(-14)×10⁻¹²/0.28= -12.6 J, negative indicates bound system. When a charged conductor (charge Q ) is placed inside a larger uncharged hollow conductor, the electric field from the inner charge induces -Q on the inner surface of the hollow conductor to ensure the field inside the conductor's material is zero. Since the hollow conductor is initially uncharged, its total charge must remain zero, so +Q appears on its outer surface to balance the induced -Q

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance > Potential Energy of System of Charges

What ensures that the electric field inside a hollow conductor remains zero even if an external charge is placed nearby?

**Inverse-square law** for charges states F ∝ 1/r² while increasing with charge product. Using k = 9×10⁹ N·m²/C², force at distance r follows F = k q₁q₂/r², forming basis for pairwise force calculation. Electrostatic shielding occurs as free charges in the conductor redistribute to cancel any external field inside. This adjustment creates an induced field that neutralizes the external influence, maintaining zero field within the hollow region. Substituting values gives Electrostatic shielding, which matches expected magnitude for this electrostatic configuration, confirming Coulomb's and Gauss's principles and charge quantization consistency.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electric Charges and Fields > Coulomb's Law and Force Between Point Charges