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The compound has a five-carbon chain (pentane) with chlorine on the fourth carbon. The name is 4-chloropentane.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Polyhalogen Compounds - Chloroform Iodoform DDT Freons
The compound has a four-carbon chain with chlorine on the first carbon. The parent chain is butane, so the name is 1-chlorobutane.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Polyhalogen Compounds - Chloroform Iodoform DDT Freons
A tertiary halide has the halogen on a carbon bonded to three other carbons. CH₃CH₂C(CH₃)2Cl (2-chloro-2-methylbutane) is tertiary.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Polyhalogen Compounds - Chloroform Iodoform DDT Freons
2-Bromo-3-methylbutane is a four-carbon chain (butane) with Br on C₂ and a methyl group on C₃: CH₃CHBrCH(CH₃)CH₃ .
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Physical Properties - Boiling Point Dipole Moment Solubility
Boiling points increase with molecular weight due to stronger London forces. The order is CH₃I (highest) > CH₃Br > CH₃Cl .
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Physical Properties - Boiling Point Dipole Moment Solubility
A geminal dihalide has two halogens on the same carbon. CH₃CHCl₂ (1,1-dichloroethane) is a geminal dihalide.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Chemistry > Chapter 6: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes > Topic: Classification and Nomenclature and Isomerism of Haloalkanes
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