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#proton pumps

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Membrane Transportation

F-type ATPases differ from other ATPases because they:

F-type ATPases, historically termed FoF1 ATP synthases, represent an evolutionary unique class of rotary translocases that normally synthesize rather than consume ATP. While P-type and V-type pumps hydrolyze ATP to build H+ or Ca2+ gradients, F-type complexes harness pre-existing proton motive force created by electron transport chains in mitochondria, chloroplast thylakoids, and bacterial plasma membranes. The membrane-embedded Fo sector contains an oligomeric c-ring that binds protons via conserved carboxylate, rotating against subunit a as protons move down gradient. This rotation drives th

Ref: Stock et al., Curr Opin Struct Biol 2000, ATP synthase rotary mechanism; Alberts, Chapter 14.

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Cell Organelles

The acidic pH of lysosomes is maintained by:

Lysosomes maintain a highly acidic lumen essential for optimal activity of about sixty acid hydrolases involved in macromolecular digestion and for solute transport. The steep proton gradient, pH 4.5 to 5.0 inside versus cytosolic pH 7.2, representing over two pH units and hundredfold proton concentration difference, is actively generated by vacuolar-type H+ ATPase, V-ATPase, consuming ATP. This massive multi-subunit rotary pump consists of peripheral V1 domain with A3B3 hexamer that hydrolyzes ATP and integral V0 domain forming proton channel with c-ring rotation. ATP hydrolysis drives rotati

Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 6th ed., Chapter 13: Lysosomes – V-ATPase and Acidification.

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