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AC Through Inductor - Inductive Reactance

This category covers the behavior of alternating current flowing through inductors. It explains inductive reactance, how it depends on frequency, and how it influences the overall impedance of AC circuits.

30 questions

A \( 20 \, \mu\text{F} \) capacitor is connected to a \( 220 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) AC supply. What is th

**Inductive reactance** X_L = ω L =2π f L (Ω), L inductance (H), f frequency (Hz), ω=2πf angular frequency (rad/s), opposes AC, impedance Z = X_L for pure L, current lags voltage by 90°, I_rms = V_rms/X_L, I_peak = V_peak/X_L. For 85 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.085=26.7 Ω, V_rms=230 V, I_rms=8.61 A, I_peak=12.18 A. X_C = (1/ω C) , ω = 2π × 50 = 314 rad/s . C = 20 × 10⁻⁶ F . X_C = (1/314 × 20 × 10⁻⁶) ≈ 159.2 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_C) = (220/159.2) ≈ 1.38 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z =

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A \( 65 \, \text{mH} \) inductor is connected to a \( 230 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) source. What is the peak

**Inductive reactance calculation** for 60 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.06=18.85 Ω, V_rms=220 V, I_rms=220/18.85=11.67 A, for 70 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=21.99 Ω, I=110/21.99=5 A, showing X_L ∝ f L, higher f or L increases opposition. X_L = ω L , ω = 2π × 50 = 314 rad/s . L = 65 × 10⁻³ H . X_L = 314 × 0.065 = 20.41 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_L) = (230/20.41) ≈ 11.27 A . Peak current: i_m = √(2) I = 1.414 × 11.27 ≈ 15.94 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms =

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A \( 30 \, \mu\text{F} \) capacitor is connected to a \( 230 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) source. What is the r

**Inductive reactance** X_L = ω L =2π f L (Ω), L inductance (H), f frequency (Hz), ω=2πf angular frequency (rad/s), opposes AC, impedance Z = X_L for pure L, current lags voltage by 90°, I_rms = V_rms/X_L, I_peak = V_peak/X_L. For 85 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.085=26.7 Ω, V_rms=230 V, I_rms=8.61 A, I_peak=12.18 A. X_C = (1/ω C) , ω = 2π × 50 = 314 rad/s . C = 30 × 10⁻⁶ F . X_C = (1/314 × 30 × 10⁻⁶) ≈ 106.1 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_C) = (230/106.1) ≈ 2.17 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z =

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A \( 80 \, \Omega \) resistor is connected to a \( 160 \, \text{V} \) (rms) AC source. What is the rms current?

**Inductive reactance** X_L = ω L =2π f L (Ω), L inductance (H), f frequency (Hz), ω=2πf angular frequency (rad/s), opposes AC, impedance Z = X_L for pure L, current lags voltage by 90°, I_rms = V_rms/X_L, I_peak = V_peak/X_L. For 85 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.085=26.7 Ω, V_rms=230 V, I_rms=8.61 A, I_peak=12.18 A. RMS current: I = (V/R) . Given: V = 160 V , R = 80 Ω . I = (160/80) = 2 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms = V_rms/Z, P = V_rms I_rms cosφ, V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p, calculation gives 2

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A \( 21 \, \mu\text{F} \) capacitor is connected to a \( 230 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) AC source. What is th

**Inductive reactance calculation** for 60 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.06=18.85 Ω, V_rms=220 V, I_rms=220/18.85=11.67 A, for 70 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=21.99 Ω, I=110/21.99=5 A, showing X_L ∝ f L, higher f or L increases opposition. X_C = (1/ω C) , ω = 2π × 50 = 314 rad/s . C = 21 × 10⁻⁶ F . X_C = (1/314 × 21 × 10⁻⁶) ≈ 151.6 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_C) = (230/151.6) ≈ 1.517 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms = V_rms/Z, P = V_rms I_rms cosφ, V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p, calculation gives 1.517

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A \( 65 \, \text{mH} \) inductor is connected to a \( 110 \, \text{V} \), \( 60 \, \text{Hz} \) AC source. What is the r

**AC through inductor** voltage leads current by 90°, V = L dI/dt, V(t)=V_peak sin(ωt+90°), I(t)=I_peak sin ωt, instantaneous power P= V I =½ V_peak I_peak sin2ωt, average zero over cycle because energy stored in magnetic field ½ L I² returned to source each quarter cycle, no net dissipation. X_L = ω L , ω = 2π × 60 = 376.8 rad/s . L = 65 × 10⁻³ H . X_L = 376.8 × 0.065 = 24.49 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_L) = (110/24.49) ≈ 4.49 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms =

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A \( 22 \, \mu\text{F} \) capacitor is connected to a \( 220 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) AC source. What is th

**Inductive reactance calculation** for 60 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.06=18.85 Ω, V_rms=220 V, I_rms=220/18.85=11.67 A, for 70 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=21.99 Ω, I=110/21.99=5 A, showing X_L ∝ f L, higher f or L increases opposition. X_C = (1/ω C) , ω = 2π × 50 = 314 rad/s . C = 22 × 10⁻⁶ F . X_C = (1/314 × 22 × 10⁻⁶) ≈ 144.7 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_C) = (220/144.7) ≈ 1.52 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms = V_rms/Z, P = V_rms I_rms cosφ, V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p, calculation gives 1.52

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A \( 95 \, \text{mH} \) inductor is connected to a \( 110 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) AC source. What is the i

**AC through inductor** voltage leads current by 90°, V = L dI/dt, V(t)=V_peak sin(ωt+90°), I(t)=I_peak sin ωt, instantaneous power P= V I =½ V_peak I_peak sin2ωt, average zero over cycle because energy stored in magnetic field ½ L I² returned to source each quarter cycle, no net dissipation. X_L = ω L , ω = 2π f . f = 50 Hz , L = 95 × 10⁻³ H . ω = 2 × 3.14 × 50 = 314 rad/s . X_L = 314 × 0.095 = 29.83 Ω . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms

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A \( 16 \, \mu\text{F} \) capacitor is connected to a \( 230 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) AC source. What is th

**Inductive reactance** X_L = ω L =2π f L (Ω), L inductance (H), f frequency (Hz), ω=2πf angular frequency (rad/s), opposes AC, impedance Z = X_L for pure L, current lags voltage by 90°, I_rms = V_rms/X_L, I_peak = V_peak/X_L. For 85 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.085=26.7 Ω, V_rms=230 V, I_rms=8.61 A, I_peak=12.18 A. X_C = (1/ω C) , ω = 2π × 50 = 314 rad/s . C = 16 × 10⁻⁶ F . X_C = (1/314 × 16 × 10⁻⁶) ≈ 199 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_C) = (230/199) ≈ 1.156 A . Peak current: i_m = √(2) I = 1.414 ×

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A \( 90 \, \text{mH} \) inductor is connected to a \( 220 \, \text{V} \), \( 50 \, \text{Hz} \) AC source. What is the i

**Inductive reactance calculation** for 60 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.06=18.85 Ω, V_rms=220 V, I_rms=220/18.85=11.67 A, for 70 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=21.99 Ω, I=110/21.99=5 A, showing X_L ∝ f L, higher f or L increases opposition. X_L = ω L , ω = 2π f . f = 50 Hz , L = 90 × 10⁻³ H . ω = 2 × 3.14 × 50 = 314 rad/s . X_L = 314 × 0.09 = 28.26 Ω . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms = V_rms/Z, P = V_rms I_rms cosφ, V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p, calculation gives 25 Ω,

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A \( 90 \, \text{mH} \) inductor is connected to a \( 220 \, \text{V} \), \( 60 \, \text{Hz} \) AC source. What is the r

**Inductive reactance calculation** for 60 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.06=18.85 Ω, V_rms=220 V, I_rms=220/18.85=11.67 A, for 70 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=21.99 Ω, I=110/21.99=5 A, showing X_L ∝ f L, higher f or L increases opposition. X_L = ω L , ω = 2π × 60 = 376.8 rad/s . L = 90 × 10⁻³ H . X_L = 376.8 × 0.09 = 33.91 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_L) = (220/33.91) ≈ 6.49 A . Applying X_L = ωL, X_C = 1/ωC, Z = √(R² + (X_L - X_C)²), I_rms = V_rms/Z, P = V_rms I_rms cosφ, V_s/V_p = N_s/N_p, calculation gives 6.49 A, consistent

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A \( 55 \, \text{mH} \) inductor is connected to a \( 110 \, \text{V} \), \( 60 \, \text{Hz} \) source. What is the peak

**Inductive reactance** X_L = ω L =2π f L (Ω), L inductance (H), f frequency (Hz), ω=2πf angular frequency (rad/s), opposes AC, impedance Z = X_L for pure L, current lags voltage by 90°, I_rms = V_rms/X_L, I_peak = V_peak/X_L. For 85 mH, 50 Hz, X_L=2π×50×0.085=26.7 Ω, V_rms=230 V, I_rms=8.61 A, I_peak=12.18 A. X_L = ω L , ω = 2π × 60 = 376.8 rad/s . L = 55 × 10⁻³ H . X_L = 376.8 × 0.055 = 20.72 Ω . RMS current: I = (V/X_L) = (110/20.72) ≈ 5.31 A . Peak current: i_m = √(2) I = 1.414 × 5.31 ≈

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