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Rotational EMF and AC Generator

This category gathers questions about rotational electromotive force and AC generators. It covers the underlying physics, key formulas, and how rotating magnetic fields produce alternating current. Ideal for students reviewing core concepts before exams.

30 questions

A square loop of side 18 cm rotates at 10 rad/s in a 0.25 T field. What is the maximum emf induced?

**Rotational emf** when coil area A rotates with angular speed ω in uniform field B, flux Φ = B A cos ωt, emf e = -N dΦ/dt = N B A ω sin ωt, maximum e₀ = N B A ω, frequency = ω/2π. For square side 22 cm area 0.0484 m² N=1 ω=14 rad/s B=0.15 T, e₀=1×0.15×0.0484×14=0.1016 V, sinusoidal. A = (0.18)² = 0.0324 m² . ε₀ = N B A ω = 1 × 0.25 × 0.0324 × 10 = 0.081 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A square loop of side 20 cm is rotated in a 0.2 T field at 10 rad/s. What is the maximum emf induced?

**Rotational emf** when coil area A rotates with angular speed ω in uniform field B, flux Φ = B A cos ωt, emf e = -N dΦ/dt = N B A ω sin ωt, maximum e₀ = N B A ω, frequency = ω/2π. For square side 22 cm area 0.0484 m² N=1 ω=14 rad/s B=0.15 T, e₀=1×0.15×0.0484×14=0.1016 V, sinusoidal. ε₀ = N B A ω , N = 1 , A = (0.2)² = 0.04 m² . ε₀ = 1 × 0.2 × 0.04 × 10 = 0.08 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A coil of 300 turns rotates at 100 rad/s in a 0.05 T field. If the area is 0.01 m², what is the maximum emf?

**Maximum emf** e₀ = N B A ω, for 180 turns A=0.02 m² B=0.03 T ω=60 rad/s, e₀=180×0.03×0.02×60=6.48 V, illustrating dependence on N, B, A, ω, used in generator design, increasing N or B or A or ω raises output. ε₀ = N B A ω = 300 × 0.05 × 0.01 × 100 = 15 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N B A ω sinωt, L = μ₀ N²A/l, M = e/(dI/dt) and U = ½ L I², result 15 V follows, reflecting Faraday's law and Lenz's opposition.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A square loop of side 15 cm rotates at 15 rad/s in a 0.2 T field. What is the maximum emf induced?

**AC generator** principle same as rotating coil, N=200 turns A=0.04 m² B=0.1 T f=50 Hz ω=2π×50=314 rad/s, e₀= N B A ω =200×0.1×0.04×314=251.2 V, emf e= e₀ sin ωt, frequency equals rotation frequency, maximum when plane parallel to field. A = (0.15)² = 0.0225 m² . ε₀ = N B A ω = 1 × 0.2 × 0.0225 × 15 = 0.0675 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N B A ω sinωt, L = μ₀ N²A/l, M = e/(dI/dt) and U = ½ L I², result 0.0675 V follows,

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A circular coil of radius 7 cm and 180 turns rotates at 20 rad/s in a 0.07 T field. What is the maximum emf induced?

**Rotational emf** when coil area A rotates with angular speed ω in uniform field B, flux Φ = B A cos ωt, emf e = -N dΦ/dt = N B A ω sin ωt, maximum e₀ = N B A ω, frequency = ω/2π. For square side 22 cm area 0.0484 m² N=1 ω=14 rad/s B=0.15 T, e₀=1×0.15×0.0484×14=0.1016 V, sinusoidal. A = π r² = 3.14 × (0.07)² = 0.0154 m² . ε₀ = N B A ω = 180 × 0.07 × 0.0154 × 20 = 3.88 V ≈ 3.9 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A rod rotates at 20 rad/s in a 0.4 T field. If the length from the axis to the tip is 0.5 m, what is the emf induced?

**Maximum emf** e₀ = N B A ω, for 180 turns A=0.02 m² B=0.03 T ω=60 rad/s, e₀=180×0.03×0.02×60=6.48 V, illustrating dependence on N, B, A, ω, used in generator design, increasing N or B or A or ω raises output. ε = (1/2) B ω R² . ε = (1/2) × 0.4 × 20 × (0.5)² = 5 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N B A ω sinωt, L = μ₀ N²A/l, M = e/(dI/dt) and U = ½ L I², result 5 V follows, reflecting Faraday's law and Lenz's opposition.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A circular coil of radius 8 cm and 240 turns rotates at 45 rad/s in a 0.04 T field. What is the maximum emf induced?

**Rotational emf** when coil area A rotates with angular speed ω in uniform field B, flux Φ = B A cos ωt, emf e = -N dΦ/dt = N B A ω sin ωt, maximum e₀ = N B A ω, frequency = ω/2π. For square side 22 cm area 0.0484 m² N=1 ω=14 rad/s B=0.15 T, e₀=1×0.15×0.0484×14=0.1016 V, sinusoidal. A = π r² = 3.14 × (0.08)² = 0.0201 m² . ε₀ = N B A ω = 240 × 0.04 × 0.0201 × 45 = 8.676 V ≈ 8.68 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A circular coil of radius 5 cm and 100 turns is rotated in a 0.1 T magnetic field at 50 rad/s. What is the maximum emf i

**Maximum emf** e₀ = N B A ω, for 180 turns A=0.02 m² B=0.03 T ω=60 rad/s, e₀=180×0.03×0.02×60=6.48 V, illustrating dependence on N, B, A, ω, used in generator design, increasing N or B or A or ω raises output. Maximum emf: ε₀ = N B A ω . A = π r² = 3.14 × (0.05)² = 0.00785 m² . ε₀ = 100 × 0.1 × 0.00785 × 50 = 3.925 V ≈ 3.93 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N B A ω sinωt, L = μ₀ N²A/l,

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

In an AC generator, the maximum emf occurs when the coil is in which orientation relative to the magnetic field?

**Rotational emf** when coil area A rotates with angular speed ω in uniform field B, flux Φ = B A cos ωt, emf e = -N dΦ/dt = N B A ω sin ωt, maximum e₀ = N B A ω, frequency = ω/2π. For square side 22 cm area 0.0484 m² N=1 ω=14 rad/s B=0.15 T, e₀=1×0.15×0.0484×14=0.1016 V, sinusoidal. The maximum emf occurs when the rate of flux change is greatest, which happens when the coil is perpendicular to the field ( sinθ = 1 ). Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A circular coil of radius 4 cm and 250 turns rotates at 40 rad/s in a 0.06 T field. What is the maximum emf induced?

**Maximum emf** e₀ = N B A ω, for 180 turns A=0.02 m² B=0.03 T ω=60 rad/s, e₀=180×0.03×0.02×60=6.48 V, illustrating dependence on N, B, A, ω, used in generator design, increasing N or B or A or ω raises output. A = π r² = 3.14 × (0.04)² = 0.005024 m² . ε₀ = N B A ω = 250 × 0.06 × 0.005024 × 40 = 3.0144 V ≈ 3.01 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N B A ω sinωt, L = μ₀ N²A/l, M = e/(dI/dt) and

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A square loop of side 26 cm rotates at 12 rad/s in a 0.3 T field. What is the maximum emf induced?

**Maximum emf** e₀ = N B A ω, for 180 turns A=0.02 m² B=0.03 T ω=60 rad/s, e₀=180×0.03×0.02×60=6.48 V, illustrating dependence on N, B, A, ω, used in generator design, increasing N or B or A or ω raises output. A = (0.26)² = 0.0676 m² . ε₀ = N B A ω = 1 × 0.3 × 0.0676 × 12 = 0.24336 V ≈ 0.243 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N B A ω sinωt, L = μ₀ N²A/l, M = e/(dI/dt) and U = ½ L I²,

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator

A coil of 140 turns and area 0.02 m² is rotated at 25 Hz in a 0.07 T field. What is the maximum emf?

**AC generator** principle same as rotating coil, N=200 turns A=0.04 m² B=0.1 T f=50 Hz ω=2π×50=314 rad/s, e₀= N B A ω =200×0.1×0.04×314=251.2 V, emf e= e₀ sin ωt, frequency equals rotation frequency, maximum when plane parallel to field. ω = 2π v = 2π × 25 = 50π rad/s . ε₀ = N B A ω = 140 × 0.07 × 0.02 × 50π = 30.79 V ≈ 30.8 V . Using Φ = B A cosθ, e = -N dΦ/dt = -N A dB/dt = B l v = N B A ω sinωt, L = μ₀ N²A/l, M = e/(dI/dt) and U

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Electromagnetic Induction > Rotational EMF and AC Generator