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#prokaryotic cells

6 public questions tagged with this topic.

Basics of Cell Biology

Which of the following is absent in prokaryotic cells?

Prokaryotes comprise bacteria and archaea lacking nucleus defined by nuclear envelope and possessing simpler architecture optimized for rapid division. They contain cell envelope with plasma membrane of phosphoglycerides and hopanoids, peptidoglycan wall providing shape and protection against turgor, nucleoid region where single circular chromosome typically 1-6 megabases supercoiled and organized by histone-like proteins HU, Fis, SMC condensins occupies cytoplasm without separation, and 70S ribosomes for coupled transcription translation. RNA species messenger, transfer, and ribosomal exist t

Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 7th ed., Chapter 1: Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Organization.

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Basics of Cell Biology

Which type of ribosomes are found in bacterial cells?

Prokaryotic translation machinery centers on 70S ribosome sedimenting at 70 Svedberg units, approximately 2.5 MDa particle comprising small 30S subunit containing 16S rRNA about 1542 nucleotides and 21 ribosomal proteins responsible for decoding mRNA via Shine-Dalgarno interaction pairing with anti-Shine-Dalgarno near 3 prime end of 16S, and large 50S subunit containing 23S rRNA 2900 nucleotides, 5S rRNA, and 33 proteins harboring peptidyl transferase center catalyzing peptide bond formation and exit tunnel guiding nascent chain. Initiation uses initiation factors IF1, IF2, IF3 and formyl-meth

Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 7th ed., Chapter 6: 70S Bacterial Ribosomes and Antibiotics.

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Eukaryotic Cell - Cell Wall and Cell Membrane - Fluid Mosaic Model

A bacterium possesses an outer loose sheath, a rigid layer that maintains shape and an innermost selectively permeable m

The bacterial envelope consists of the outermost glycocalyx, followed by the cell wall and then the plasma membrane. Although the layers perform distinct functions, they operate together as a protective unit.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life Eukaryotic Cell - Cell Wall and Cell Membrane - Fluid Mosaic Model

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Prokaryotic Cell - Structure and Components

Three cells show the following features: Cell P: cell wall, plastids and a large central vacuole Cell Q: centrioles but

A plant cell possesses a cell wall, plastids and a large central vacuole. Centrioles are characteristic of animal cells and absent from almost all plant cells. Naked circular DNA and absence of membrane-bound organelles identify a prokaryotic cell.

Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 8: Cell: The Unit of Life Prokaryotic Cell - Structure and Components

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