In a prey-predator interaction graph, prey increase causes:
An increase in prey provides more feeding opportunities and energy to predators, so predator survival, fecundity, or recruitment typically rises after a time lag. In the Lotka–Volterra predator equation dP/dt = baNP − mP, increasing prey density N raises the positive consumption-and-conversion term baNP. When N exceeds m/(ba), energetic gains exceed predator mortality and the predator population grows. The lag reflects time needed for prey consumption to improve body condition, gestation, development, or recruitment, which is why predator peaks commonly follow prey peaks in time-series graphs.
Ref: Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 14
