Direct somatic embryogenesis differs from indirect somatic embryogenesis because direct SE:
Direct somatic embryogenesis differs from indirect pathway because direct embryogenesis proceeds without formation of intermediate callus, originating from explant cells that already possess competence. Sharp and coworkers termed these pre embryogenic determined cells PEDCs residing in superficial layers of hypocotyl cotyledon or immature embryo that maintain embryogenic program poised. Upon exposure to low auxin or even hormone free medium PEDCs undergo asymmetric division forming globular embryo budding directly from protoderm, histology showing continuity without amorphous parenchyma. In co
Ref: Sharp et al., Ann Bot; Feher et al., Plant Cell Tiss Org Cult 2003 direct SE.
