Which term defines competition where one organism excludes another without direct interaction?
Allelopathy is chemical interference in which one organism releases secondary metabolites that inhibit another organism’s germination, growth, survival, or reproduction. Plants may emit compounds from roots, leach them from leaves, volatilize them, or release them during litter decomposition. The target is excluded without physical confrontation, so allelopathy can contribute to interference competition at a distance. Black walnut juglone and compounds from some invasive plants are commonly discussed examples, although rigorous experiments must separate direct chemical effects from shade, nutr
Ref: Ecology: From Individuals to Ecosystems, Begon et al., 5th Ed., Ch. 8-13
