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#eukaryotes

37 public questions tagged with this topic.

BOTANY

Which of the following is incorrect about RNA processing in eukaryotes?

The **poly-A tail is added to the 3' end** of mRNA, not the 5' end. This follows from latest NCERT 2026-27 principle explaining the concept clearly for NEET students in simple steps as per rationalized syllabus.

Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook - Latest Edition for Academic Session 2026-27 (Botany section, Rationalized Textbook for Class XI and XII), Chapter: Biology - Botany portion (Latest NCERT Textbooks for Academic Session 2026-27 -

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BOTANY

Which of the following is incorrect about mRNA processing in eukaryotes?

**mRNA is not translated in the nucleus**; it must first be processed and transported to the cytoplasm. This follows from NCERT principle where the relation explains the outcome clearly for students in simple steps.

Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook for Class XI and XII (Botany section), Chapter: Morphology and Anatomy of Flowering Plants, Topic: Plant structure and tissue systems.

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Cytoskeleton

The actin cytoskeleton in prokaryotic cells is functionally similar to which of the following eukaryotic proteins?

Prokaryotic cells maintain rod shape and organize cell wall synthesis without eukaryotic compartments using cytoskeletal homologs sharing ancient ATPase fold. MreB, belonging to actin Hsp70 superfamily, shares structural core of five conserved sequence motifs forming ATP binding pocket between domains IA and IIA. Purified MreB polymerizes into ATP dependent antiparallel double filaments that rotate circumferentially beneath cytoplasmic membrane driven by cell wall elongation machinery. It scaffolds elongasome complex containing RodA glycosyltransferase, PBP2 transpeptidase and MreC MreD, direc

Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 7th ed., Chapter 16: Cytoskeleton and Bacterial Homologs MreB.

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Microbial Physiology

The bacterial reproduction process of binary fission differs from mitosis in that:

Binary fission represents prokaryotic division program fundamentally distinct from eukaryotic mitosis in mechanism and regulation. Initiation begins with replication of single circular chromosome from unique origin oriC proceeding bidirectionally via replisomes containing DNA polymerase III. Segregation of origins is mediated by ParABS partitioning system and SMC condensin complexes moving DNA toward opposite poles as cell elongates via MreB-guided peptidoglycan insertion. Division site selection uses precise regulatory systems: oscillating MinCDE proteins concentrate MinC inhibitor at poles p

Ref: Madigan et al., Brock Biology of Microorganisms, 16th ed., Chapter 4: Binary Fission and Absence of Spindle Apparatus.

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