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#electron emission

5 public questions tagged with this topic.

Light of wavelength \( 450 \, \text{nm} \) is incident on a metal with work function \( 1.9 \, \text{eV} \). What is the

**De Broglie wavelength calculations** for electron moving at 2×10⁶ m/s λ= h/(m v)=6.63×10⁻³⁴/(9.11×10⁻³¹×2×10⁶)=3.64×10⁻¹⁰ m=0.364 nm, for mass 5×10⁻³⁰ kg v=2×10⁵ m/s λ=6.63×10⁻³⁴/(1×10⁻²⁴)=6.63×10⁻¹⁰ m, showing λ decreases with increasing m v. E = (h c/λ) = (1240/450) ≈ 2.756 eV . Kₘₐₓ = E - Φ₀ = 2.756 - 1.9 ≈ 0.856 eV . Applying E = h f = h c/λ, p = h/λ, K_max = h f - Φ, Φ = h f₀ = h c/λ₀, λ = h/√(2 m e V) and f_max = e V/h, result 0.856 eV follows, reflecting photoelectric and de Broglie relations.

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Dual Nature of Matter > De Broglie Wavelength and Matter Waves

Which of the following is the minimum energy required for an electron to escape from a metal surface?

**Work function** Φ minimum energy to escape, for Φ=2.2 eV λ₀=1240/2.2=563.6 nm, Φ=3.0 eV threshold frequency f₀=Φ/h=3×1.6×10⁻¹⁹/6.63×10⁻³⁴=7.24×10¹⁴ Hz, stopping potential V₀ = (h f - Φ)/e, for 0.7 V K_max=0.7 eV, for 1.5 V K_max=1.5 eV, intensity increase increases photocurrent not K_max, frequency below threshold no emission regardless of intensity. The minimum energy required for an electron to escape from a metal surface is called the work function, denoted as Φ₀ . Applying E = h f = h c/λ, p = h/λ, K_max = h f - Φ, Φ = h f₀ = h c/λ₀, λ = h/√(2 m e V) and f_max =

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Dual Nature of Matter > Photoelectric Effect - Work Function and Threshold

Which process allows electrons to escape from a metal surface when illuminated by light of suitable frequency?

**Photon energy** E = h f = h c/λ, momentum p = h/λ = E/c, power P = N E/t, N number of photons per second, wavelength λ = h c/E, for photon momentum 1.5×10⁻²⁷ kg·m/s frequency f = p c/h? Actually E = p c, f = E/h = p c/h =1.5×10⁻²⁷×3×10⁸/6.63×10⁻³⁴=6.79×10¹⁴ Hz, energy E= h f =4.5×10⁻¹⁹ J, for 5.0×10⁻¹⁹ J frequency f=E/h=7.54×10¹⁴ Hz. Photoelectric emission occurs when light of sufficient frequency provides energy to overcome the work function, ejecting electrons. Applying E = h f = h c/λ, p = h/λ, K_max = h f - Φ, Φ = h f₀ =

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Dual Nature of Matter > Photon Energy, Momentum, Power and X-rays

The work function of a metal is \( 1.8 \, \text{eV} \). What is the threshold frequency for this metal? (Take \( h = 6.6

**Classical wave theory fails** to explain instant emission, threshold existence, K_max dependence on frequency not intensity, saturation current dependence on intensity. Observations: K_max independent of intensity, exists threshold frequency, emission instantaneous, all explained by photon model E = h f, one photon ejects one electron, energy conservation h f = Φ + K_max. Φ₀ = 1.8 eV = 1.8 × 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ = 2.88 × 10⁻¹⁹ J . v₀ = (Φ₀/h) = (2.88 × 10⁻¹⁹/6.63 × 10⁻³⁴) ≈ 4.34 × 10¹⁴ Hz . Applying E = h f = h c/λ, p = h/λ, K_max = h f - Φ, Φ = h f₀

Ref: NCERT > Physics Book > Dual Nature of Matter > Photoelectric Effect - Work Function and Threshold