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Biotic potential is the highest possible reproductive capacity of a species when environmental conditions are optimal.
Ref: NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations Organism and Environment - Major Biomes Abiotic Factors
“Number of species present” for species richness refers specifically to. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. Larger islands usually support more habitats and larger populations, lowering extinction risk; less isolated islands receive colonists more readily and may experience rescue effects. These mechanisms also apply to habitat fragments that function as ecological islands. The remaining alternatives—“Genetic variation”, “Population density”, “Biomass of organisms”—refer to different
Ref: Biogeography, Lomolino et al., 5th Ed., Ch. 5-8
“Range of niche dimensions occupied” for niche breadth is defined as. This relationship follows from the ecological mechanism represented by the terms in the item, not merely from an association between their names. A niche is the multidimensional set of abiotic conditions, resources, and biotic relationships under which a population can persist. The fundamental niche reflects physiological and resource limits, while the realized niche is modified by competitors, consumers, mutualists, and dispersal barriers. The remaining alternatives—“Complete niche overlap”, “Only food resource utilization”
Ref: Ecology: Concepts and Applications, Molles, 9th Ed., Ch. 13
An ecotype is a genetically differentiated population within a species that is adapted to a particular set of local environmental conditions. Selection in contrasting climates, soils, elevations, salinities, or disturbance regimes can produce inherited differences in flowering time, growth form, physiology, or tolerance. These traits persist when populations are grown in a common environment, demonstrating that they are not merely temporary environmental effects. Gene flow may still occur among ecotypes, so they are not necessarily separate species, but selection maintains geographic different
Ref: NCERT Biology Class 12, Ch. 15 Biodiversity and Conservation
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