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#chromatin regulation

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Eukaryotes gene regulation

H3K9 methylation is catalyzed by:

Heterochromatin hallmark histone H3 lysine 9 methylation catalyzed by evolutionary conserved suppressor of variegation 3-9 family enzyme Clr4 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe, mammalian SUV39H1 and SUV39H2 orthologs. Clr4 within CLRC complex comprising Cul4 ubiquitin ligase scaffold, Rik1, Raf1, Raf2, Stc1 adapter transfers methyl group from donor S-adenosylmethionine to H3K9 epsilon amino group producing mono di trimethyl states. H3K9me2 and H3K9me3 recognized by chromodomain proteins Swi6, Chp2, Chp1 aromatic cage mediating chromatin compaction and spreading. Clr4 recruitment requires deacetylat

Ref: NCBI Bookshelf, Chromatin Modifications: Clr4 – H3K9 Methyltransferase in RNAi Directed Heterochromatin

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Regulation of chromatin structure

Which histone modification commonly occurs on serine or threonine?

Histone tails contain hydroxyl-bearing residues capable of phospho-esterification. Serine and threonine side chains are phosphorylated by serine-threonine kinases such as Aurora B, MSK1, PKA and CK2, transferring γ-phosphate of ATP to hydroxyl oxygen. This introduces bulky negative charge, altering tail conformation and electrostatic interaction with DNA or reader proteins. Examples include H3S10, S28, T3 and H3T11 regulation during mitosis, DNA damage and transcriptional activation. Lysine and arginine cannot be phosphorylated in this context; they instead undergo acetylation and methylation,

Ref: Lodish et al., Molecular Cell Biology, 9th ed., Chapter 8: Histone Phosphorylation Occurs on Serine and Threonine

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