38 public questions tagged with this topic.
In algae, asexual reproduction occurs by biflagellate, motile zoospores, which germinate to form new plants. This follows from NCERT principle where relation explains outcome clearly for students.
Ref: NCERT Biology Textbook for Class XI and XII (Botany section), Chapter: Biology - Botany portion covering relevant concept, Topic: Plant structure, physiology and applications.
Plastids comprise diverse double-membrane organelles in plant and algal lineages originating from primary endosymbiosis of cyanobacterium engulfed by eukaryote over billion years ago, retaining circular plastid genome encoding photosystem components and ribosomal RNAs and ability to divide by binary fission via FtsZ ring. Differentiation depends on tissue and environmental cues: chloroplasts in mesophyll contain thylakoid stacks grana where photosystem II, cytochrome b6f, photosystem I perform light reactions generating proton gradient for ATP synthase and NADPH for Calvin cycle fixing CO2 via
Ref: Alberts et al., Molecular Biology of the Cell, 7th ed., Chapter 14: Plastids, Chloroplasts, and Photosynthesis.
Air bladders in brown algae (e.g., Sargassum) provide buoyancy, helping the blades float near the surface for photosynthesis.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Vegetative reproduction in algae occurs by fragmentation, where each fragment develops into a thallus.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Chlorophyceae store food as starch in pyrenoids, though some may also store it as oil droplets.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Sexual reproduction in Rhodophyceae is oogamous, not isogamous, involving non-motile gametes.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Chlorophyceae chloroplasts vary in shape, including discoid, plate-like, reticulate, and cup-shaped.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Only certain marine brown and red algae produce hydrocolloids like algin and carrageen, not all algae.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Chlorella, a unicellular alga rich in proteins, is used as a food supplement, even by space travelers.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Phaeophyceae exhibit sexual reproduction that can be isogamous, anisogamous, or oogamous.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Plant Kingdom - Comparative Studies and Economic Importance
Anisogamous reproduction in algae involves the fusion of two gametes dissimilar in size, as seen in Eudorina.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Gymnosperms - Characteristics and Life Cycle
Laminaria, a marine brown alga, is among the 70 species of algae used as food.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Biology Chapter 3: Plant Kingdom Gymnosperms - Characteristics and Life Cycle
