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#epithelial-mesenchymal transition

2 public questions tagged with this topic.

Limb Development -ll

Which of the following correctly describes epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in limb formation?

Limb bud emergence requires localized epithelial-mesenchymal transition of lateral plate mesoderm orchestrated by T-box transcription factors and FGF signaling. Under influence of TBX4 in hindlimb field and TBX5 in forelimb field, coordinated with Pitx1 and Islet1 and FGF10 signaling, lateral plate epithelial cells downregulate apicobasal polarity components like ZO1, induce Snail-mediated EMT, increase proliferation and accumulate to form protruding bud mesenchyme. This transition is not SHH controlled nor solely mesoderm-to-ectoderm signaling but autonomous mesodermal change, and occurs at initiation rather than digit finalization, creating permissive condensation interacting with ectoderm to form AER.

Ref: Gilbert, Developmental Biology, 12th ed., Chapter 20: EMT in limb bud formation via TBX5/TBX4.

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Cancer

Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) is associated with

Increased invasion and metastasis, is consistent with established principles of cell signaling, receptor pharmacology and cellular regulation. Experimental measurements of binding parameters, genetic loss-of-function studies and pharmacological interventions all converge on the same interpretation. Related options address neighboring concepts but do not satisfy the precise criterion stated in the question.

Ref: NCERT Biology Class 11–12 Alberts et al Molecular Biology of the Cell Lodish et al, Molecular Cell Biology Cooper & Hausman, The Cell Abbas et al., Cellular and Molecular Immunology (for immunology sections)

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