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Given: m = 0.5kg, ΔT = 80−30 = 50∘C, s = 386Jkg−1K−1. Q = msΔT = 0.5×386×50 = 9650J = 9.65kJ. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 9.65 kJ. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option B is scientifically correct.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Physics, Chapter 11: Thermal Properties – Calorimetry.
Moles = 50 / 63.5 = 0.7874 mol, Δ T = 125 - 25 = 100 K, qv = nCvΔ T = 0.7874 × 22.6 × 100 = 1779.5 J = 1.78 kJ.
Ref: NCERT Class 11 Chemistry > Chapter 5: Thermodynamics > Topic: Heat Capacity and Calorimetry and Measurement of Enthalpy
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