Practice question

M = 4π2r3GT2. T = 12×3600 = 43200s, T2 = 1.866×109s2. r3 = (5×107)3 = 1.25×1023m3. M = 4×(3.14)2×1.25×10236.67×10−11×1.866×109. M = 4.93×10241.245×10−1≈3.96×1025kg. As per NCERT, applying relevant law/formula with correct units and sign convention leads to 4.0 × 10²⁵ kg. This satisfies dimensional consistency and physical conditions given, so option C is scientifically correct.