Practice question

The law of segregation states that two alleles at a gene locus maintain identity in heterozygote but separate completely during gamete formation, each gamete receiving only single allele. Diploid individuals carry pair, haploid gametes carry one, restoration after fertilisation creates predictable genotype ratios. Molecularly linked to homologous chromosome disjunction at anaphase I or chromatid separation if no crossover between gene and centromere. Allele blending, persistent linkage or mandatory co-inheritance contradict this fundamental principle demonstrated by 3:1 monohybrid ratio and test cross outcomes. Cytological correlation with prophase pairing, metaphase alignment and anaphase separation provides visual anchor for memorising genetic laws.