Practice question
Question
Partial similarity between chromosomes is termed
Explanation
Homeologous chromosomes exhibit partial homology originating from ancestral duplication or allopolyploid hybridisation, retaining similar gene order over segments but diverged enough to behave as distinct chromosomes. In allohexaploid wheat, three homeologous genomes coexist, normally controlled by Ph1 locus preventing homeologous pairing. Homologous chromosomes pair faithfully, non-homologous show no similarity, heterologous is vague. Homeology explains chromosome pairing behaviour in hybrids, fertility of polyploids, and genome evolution after whole-genome duplication events studied in cytogenetics. Conceptual clarity supports solving numerical problems involving segregation ratios, recombination frequencies and probability calculations in crosses.
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