Practice question

Monohybrid cross involves analysis of single character differing between parents, for instance tall versus dwarf stem length governed by one gene with two alleles. Crossing pure-breeding lines TT by tt yields heterozygous F1, selfing exposes segregation. Focus remains phenotypic character though underlying gene counts one. Two genes or two characters would constitute dihybrid analysis requiring consideration of independent assortment and larger 16-combination Punnett. Monohybrid design clarifies dominance relationship, segregation ratio and gamete purity principle central to introductory genetics. Understanding this mechanism aids pedigree analysis, Punnett predictions, linkage mapping and appreciating evolutionary conservation across taxa.