Practice question

Ribosome exhibits blind acceptance phenomenon because it checks codon-anticodon pairing but not amino acid identity attached to tRNA. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases occasionally mischarge, producing for example valine attached to tRNAIle. When such misacylated species enters A site with correct anticodon matching codon, decoding center verifies RNA duplex only and permits peptide incorporation, leading to misincorporated amino acid. This highlights division of labor: synthetases ensure chemical fidelity while ribosome ensures pairing fidelity. Biotechnology exploits blind acceptance to incorporate non-natural amino acids via engineered tRNAs.