Practice question

Western Ghats recognized as one of 36 global biodiversity hotspots defined by Myers based on high vascular plant endemism above 1500 species and major habitat loss exceeding 70%. Evergreen forests of Ghats harbor exceptional species richness — 50% of Indian amphibians endemic, many discovered recently. Continuous chain experiences orographic rainfall 2000-7500 mm, creating varied microclimates. UNESCO inscribed Western Ghats as World Heritage natural site in 2012, emphasizing outstanding universal value. Conservation focus includes protecting endemic lion-tailed macaque, Travancore tortoise, and myristica swamps. Conservation strategies built on this knowledge support national biodiversity targets and sustainable livelihood planning for local communities.