Practice question

Surface Plasmon Resonance is a powerful label-free technique for monitoring biomolecular interactions in real time without fluorescent or radioactive tags. One interaction partner is immobilized on a gold-coated sensor chip while the other flows over the surface. Binding changes the refractive index near the surface, altering the resonance angle proportionally to mass accumulation. This allows determination of association and dissociation rate constants, affinity, and specificity. Applications include protein-protein, protein-DNA, antibody-antigen, and small molecule screening. Traditional processes like DNA replication, transcription, and translation are studied by other molecular biology techniques.