Practice question

Allele frequency, also called gene frequency, quantifies proportion of specific allele relative to total alleles at that locus in population's gene pool. For diploid autosomal locus, count copies of allele divided by 2N, where N is number of individuals. It differs from genotype and phenotype frequencies because heterozygotes carry two different alleles. Allele frequency ranges 0 to 1, forms basis for Hardy-Weinberg calculations. Selection, drift, migration, mutation alter frequencies, and measuring them across generations reveals evolutionary forces acting on population under study.