Practice question

Law of segregation maintains that during gametogenesis alleles at any locus separate so each haploid gamete carries single representative. In heterozygous diploid, homologous chromosomes bearing alternative alleles disjoin, yielding equal proportions of allele-bearing gametes. Random fertilisation reconstitutes diploid genotype distribution. Phenomena like blending inheritance where alleles permanently mix, alleles remaining together in gametes, or obligate linkage contradict this law. Cytological demonstration via bivalent disjunction at anaphase I confirms physical basis and predicts recurrence of recessive phenotypes in F2 generation. This principle is routinely tested in NEET, CBSE 11-12, CUET, CSIR-NET, GATE and MSc Genetics examinations requiring clear conceptual distinction.