Practice question

Molecular markers are defined as detectable DNA sequence variations that reveal polymorphism at the molecular level, including RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR, SNP and similar techniques based directly on genome variation. Isozymes are multiple forms of enzymes differing in amino acid composition, charge and electrophoretic mobility, detected through biochemical staining after native gel electrophoresis. They reflect gene product variation rather than direct DNA polymorphism, influenced by post-translational modifications and tissue-specific expression. Though historically used, they are classified as biochemical markers, not DNA-based molecular markers.