Practice question

The glucocorticoid receptor is a cytosolic steroid receptor that undergoes ligand-dependent nuclear translocation. In the absence of hormone, it is sequestered in cytoplasm by Hsp90 chaperone complex. Binding of synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone induces conformational change, dissociation from chaperones, exposure of nuclear localization signal, and rapid translocation to nucleus to activate target genes. Fusing a protein of interest to the receptor's hormone-binding domain creates an inducible nuclear import system widely used to control transcription factor activity and study nucleocytoplasmic shuttling in mammalian cells.