Practice question

A single locus heterozygous Aa contains two different alleles in diploid cell. During meiosis I, homologous chromosomes carrying A and a separate into different cells, ensuring each haploid gamete receives only one allele. No third allele type exists at that locus, so genetically distinct gamete classes number exactly two. This follows general formula 2^n where n is number of heterozygous loci; for n=1, 2^1 =2. Independent loci increase combinations, but monohybrid heterozygote limited to two, demonstrating segregation and explaining 1:1 gametic ratio.