Practice question

Gymnosperm diaspore organization comprises three components integrated: diploid embryo new sporophyte derived syngamy, haploid megagametophyte food reserve preformed, and diploid testa seed coat from integuments maternal. Conspicuously absent pericarp derived from ovary wall developed from carpel because carpel absent ovules naked on scales bracts. Taxus fleshy red aril enveloping seed, Ginkgo orange foul sarcotesta resemble fruit attracting vertebrate dispersal but develop from funiculus or outer integument rather than ovary, hence not true fruit wall botanically. Seed coat present fully enclosing, embryo present well differentiated with cotyledons, food reserve abundant, only fruit wall missing defining naked condition diagnostic gymnospermae.